Painkillers

Is your painkiller doing you more harm than good?

Painkillers are a staple in many British households, from paracetamol to ibuprofen and codeine. But while they can be effective, misuse or overuse can lead to serious health risks. Here's what you need to know to stay safe. 

Common UK painkillers and their risks

Paracetamol (e.g. Panadol)

• Safe when taken correctly
• Overdose risk if taken with other medicines containing paracetamol (e.g. co-codamol, cold & flu remedies)
• Can cause liver damage if taken in excess or with alcohol

Paracetamol for adults: painkiller for pain and high temperature

Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs (e.g. naproxen, diclofenac)

• Good for inflammation-related pain
• Can cause stomach ulcers, kidney damage, and heart problems if used long-term
• Avoid if you have asthma, Crohn’s disease, or are on blood thinners

Information about NSAIDs

Codeine and co-codamol (contains paracetamol)

• Effective for short-term acute pain
• Addictive if used long-term
• Can cause drowsiness, constipation, and breathing issues
• Risk of paracetamol overdose if taken with other paracetamol products

Soluble painkillers

• High in salt: up to 1g per tablet
• May raise blood pressure and increase risk of heart disease

Safe use tips

• Always read the label and follow dosage instructions
• Don’t mix painkillers without checking with a pharmacist
• Avoid long-term use unless advised by your GP
• Speak to your doctor if you have liver, kidney, or heart issues
• Consider non-drug alternatives like physiotherapy or mindfulness